The "set and setting" framework is a concept that originated in the field of psychedelic research and is used to describe the two key components that can influence the quality and outcomes of a psychedelic experience. The framework emphasizes that the mindset, emotional state, and expectations of the individual (set) as well as the physical, social, and environmental context in which the experience takes place (setting) are both crucial factors in shaping the overall psychedelic experience..

In the context of psychedelic use, "set" refers to the mindset, expectations, and emotional state of the individual taking the psychedelic substance. The importance lies in the fact that the mindset and emotional state of the individual can significantly impact how they perceive and interpret the effects of the psychedelic substance. Factors such as mood, intentions, past experiences, beliefs, and mental health can all influence the nature of the psychedelic experience.